The 1970s saw the development of computerized networks for banks and the rise of the Electronic Data Interchange movement, which established business-to-business communications across many industry sectors. For example, the early 1960s saw the deployment of numerous defense networks (such as the $8 billion SAGE program), the first airline reservation systems, and the beginnings of the remote computer services industry. In this paper it is shown that the ARPANET was just one of many private and public initiatives that helped shape the Internet of today. Advanced Projects Research Agency in the late 1960s. Most histories of the Internet, both scholarly and popular, focus on its origins in the ARPANET network built by the U.S.
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